United monarchy
Saul
Approx. 1050-1010 BC40 YearsKishite
United Monarchy to Divided Kingdom
Kings of Israel & Judah
All reign dates and cross-kingdom synchronizations are approximate, following Thiele's reconstruction; they are not dates directly stated in the biblical text. The "c." prefix marks that convention throughout.
United Monarchy
One kingdom
Saul, David, and Solomon are shown together because the kingdom had not yet divided.
Division point
The kingdom divides
After Solomon, Rehoboam answered the people harshly; the text says Israel rebelled against David's house, and the ten tribes followed Jeroboam.
Divided Kingdom
Parallel kingdoms
Judah preserves the Davidic dynasty in the line to Jesus; Israel is shown as the northern kingdom and is not in that line.
Judah / Davidic continuity
Davidic line, with non-line members and Matthew omissions retained and marked.
Israel / northern dynasties
Not in the line to Jesus; grouped by dynasty without implying Davidic descent.
Jeroboam
Baasha
short usurper
Omride
Jehu
short usurper
Menahem
Foreign empire context
Outside powers on the era spine
These rulers remain separate from Israel and Judah, but their empires frame the same covenant history.
Patriarchal / Exodus / Divided Monarchy
Egypt
Divided Monarchy
Assyria
Exile
Babylon
Exile / Return
Persia
Gospel / Apostolic
Rome
End of the kingdom of Judah
c. 586 BC, approximateJerusalem falls; Judah is carried into Babylonian exile
After Zedekiah, Jerusalem was burned and the people were carried away to Babylon. The date is a historical reconstruction, not a date stated directly in the text.
End of the northern kingdom
c. 722 BC, approximateSamaria falls; Israel is carried into Assyrian exile
Hoshea was the last king of Israel. The text says the king of Assyria besieged Samaria, captured it, and carried Israel away into exile, ending the northern kingdom.